Plantar fibroma is a benign growth originating in the thick tissue of the plantar fascia, which supports the foot's arch. It typically presents as a single lesion but may lead to plantar fibromatosis if multiple lesions develop on the sole of the foot.
Symptoms:
- Initially, plantar fibromas may appear as small, painless lumps in the center of the foot's arch.
- As the lesion grows or experiences external pressure from activities like walking or wearing shoes, pain or discomfort may arise.
Causes:
- The exact cause is uncertain, but genetics may play a role, particularly in populations of Northern European ancestry.
- Certain medications and supplements, such as beta blockers and glucosamine with vitamin C, may promote collagen and fibrous tissue formation.
- Risk factors include persistent liver disease, seizures, and diabetes, although the direct connection is unclear.
Diagnosis:
- Medical consultation is necessary for diagnosis and management.
- Physical examination, including palpation of the affected area, is essential.
- Additional tests, like X-ray, MRI, bone scan, or biopsy, may be recommended to confirm the diagnosis and rule out other conditions.
Treatment:
- Treatment aims to alleviate discomfort and reduce the size of the nodule.
- Options include:
- Local Treatment: Transdermal verapamil gel may help prevent fibrotic tissue formation.
- Corticosteroid Injections: Reduce inflammation and relieve pain.
- Orthopedic Devices: Insoles or gel pads can redistribute weight and reduce discomfort.
- Physical Therapy: Stretching and strength exercises may improve blood flow and reduce swelling.
- Surgery: Surgical excision is reserved for severe cases, with recovery typically taking one to two months.
Plantar fibroma can cause discomfort and affect mobility but can be managed effectively with various treatment modalities. Early diagnosis and intervention are key to preventing complications and improving quality of life for individuals affected by this condition.
